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Radhakantapur\u00a0Gopinath Temple,\u00a0 (Daspur)<\/h1>\n

Chinmoy Das<\/strong><\/p>\n

Today we speak of a temple whose walls preserve, in remarkable detail, the story of a king\u2019s brutality. Temple inscriptions record many kinds of events and dedications, but it is almost unheard of to find a temple wall bearing the account of a king beheading one of his own court officials. At least, we know of no other such example anywhere in Bengal.<\/p>\n

Along the eastern boundary of Medinipur district lay the historic Chetua-Barda Pargana<\/strong>. Its ruler was Shobha Singh<\/strong>, a man whom history came to describe as the \u201cShivaji of Bengal.\u201d<\/strong> He established a vast kingdom in Lower Bengal, west of the Ganges. His conquest of Burdwan, including the killing of Maharaja Krishnachandra of Burdwan, stands as one example of his power.<\/p>\n

Shobha Singh was a formidable ruler of immense courage and authority, but he was also known for his concern for his subjects. He encouraged rural handicrafts, established markets for the sale of local products, excavated tanks and reservoirs, restored rivers and canals for drainage, and built roads and public infrastructure. There was hardly any aspect of public welfare that he neglected.<\/p>\n

Yet this same man was notorious for his acts of cruelty. Two examples may be mentioned.<\/p>\n

The First Story<\/h3>\n

Near Birsingha<\/strong> lies the village of Jadupur<\/strong>. One day, the beautiful wife of the poet Rameshwar Bhattacharya<\/strong>, author of the Shibayan<\/em>, was bathing in a pond. In broad daylight, Shobha Singh attempted to abduct her by placing her on horseback.<\/p>\n

Enraged, Rameshwar sat upon a Panchamundi Asana<\/strong> and arranged a sacrificial ritual praying for the king\u2019s death. Shobha\u2019s own wife could not approve of her husband\u2019s conduct. Upon learning of the ritual, she personally approached Rameshwar, fell at his feet, and begged him to spare her husband\u2019s life.<\/p>\n

When Shobha learned of this, he ordered the execution of his own queen. The executioner, however, refused to carry out the command. Instead, he took the queen across the Ganges and left her in the care of a holy man at a temple deep within a forest. He himself disappeared and never again dared to appear before the king. Meanwhile, Shobha expelled Rameshwar from his ancestral home.<\/p>\n

The Main Story<\/h3>\n

A high-ranking official in Shobha Singh\u2019s court was a man named Shyam Das<\/strong> (according to another version, Janananda Das<\/strong>). His residence was surrounded by defensive earthworks, and he had built the Gopinath Temple<\/strong>. On one occasion, while excavating a large pond, he employed a considerable number of tribal laborers.<\/p>\n

At the same time, King Shobha Singh required workers for one of his own projects. Since many laborers were already engaged in Shyam Das\u2019s work, sufficient workers could not be found for the king.<\/p>\n

This enraged Shobha Singh. He ordered:<\/p>\n

“Bring Shyam Das before me!”<\/em><\/p>\n

The royal court was in session. Shyam Das appeared before the king, unaware of the reason for his summons.<\/p>\n

Trembling with anger, Shobha Singh commanded:<\/p>\n

“Cut off the wretch\u2019s head and place it in my hands.”<\/em><\/p>\n

The words had scarcely left his mouth when a soldier\u2019s sword flashed. With a single blow, Shyam Das was beheaded, and his severed head rolled across the court floor.<\/p>\n

The entire court was stunned into silence. No one dared utter a word, let alone protest.<\/p>\n

The incident was later immortalized in a folk ballad composed by an unknown village poet. Beggars wandered from door to door singing the song in exchange for alms.<\/p>\n

The Temple Inscription<\/h3>\n

More than two hundred years passed. The waters of the Shilabati<\/strong>, Kangsabati<\/strong>, and Rupnarayan<\/strong> rivers continued their course, while the temple built by Shyam Das gradually fell into ruin.<\/p>\n

In 1844 CE<\/strong>, a descendant of the Das family named Yajneswar Das<\/strong> undertook the restoration of the temple. At that time, he commissioned a lengthy poetic inscription and affixed it to the front wall of the temple.<\/p>\n

The poem records the construction of the temple, the identity of its founder, details of the restoration, and many other matters. Significantly, it also includes the story of King Shobha Singh\u2019s cruelty.<\/p>\n

The inscription is located beneath the cornice on the front wall of the temple and is arranged in nine large lines. One section describing Shobha Singh\u2019s deed reads:<\/p>\n

” lobab prithibipati \/ tar bhae besto oti \/ simana gheriaa kholi gor. \/ damama doroja pore \/ joyechondi kripa bore \/ puskanyi kholil tarpor.. \/ sandhan pile jodi \/ sabhasingho noropoti \/ ei hetu kora na icey.\/ kompoban-crodh bhore \/ anga dil onuchore \/ han sir podatik roshe.. \/ bipokkho hoilo kal \/ kal hoilo porokal \/ kichu na janil mohasha. \/\u00a0 tahate chedil mundo \/ dugga dugga dake tund \/ suni raja manil bisway. . kobita korite tar \/ ei stane ata var \/ hoil dui sotek botsor. rit nito pitri kitti \/ oi bongse adyabodi \/ bandana hoiteche sundor.. …”<\/p>\n

(The spelling of the original inscription has been preserved exactly. Not a single character has been altered. Kara<\/em> refers to a tribal community.)<\/p>\n

Architecture of the Temple<\/h3>\n

The temple is a south-facing Eka-Ratna<\/strong> (single-towered) structure.<\/p>\n

At the front is a porch with three arched entrances<\/strong>, while behind it lies a sanctum with a single doorway. The temple follows the architectural tradition of Bishnupur<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The sanctum is covered by a curved chala<\/em> roof, above which rises the temple\u2019s single tower (ratna<\/em>). While the sanctum itself is square, the tower above it is octagonal.<\/p>\n

One of the temple\u2019s most unusual features is that the tower is not placed at the center of the roof, as is customary. Instead, it is positioned toward the northern side of the structure.<\/p>\n

Another notable feature is the decoration of the front fa\u00e7ade. The temple is richly adorned with numerous terracotta plaques<\/strong>, giving the shrine a remarkable artistic character.<\/p>\n