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Medinipur)<\/p>\n<p>Chinmoy Das<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Within just three decades of the establishment of British rule, Lord Cornwallis introduced the system known as the &#8216;Permanent Settlement.&#8217; The year was 1793. Thanks to this legislation, a countless number of new Zamindars (landlords) emerged across Bengal. These major landlords, in turn, gave rise to a host of smaller landlords. Ijaradars, Pattnidars, Dar-pattnidars\u2014they went by a multitude of different names. Happily, however, a great number of new temples were constructed in villages and towns throughout Bengal at the hands of these very landlords.<\/p>\n<p>The village of Sahara lies within the jurisdiction of the Pingla Police Station in the district of Midnapore. There, a Brahmin family bearing the surname Bhattacharya once constructed a &#8216;Nava-ratna&#8217; temple. They built this temple right within the precincts of their residential homestead. Within its sanctum, a Shaligram stone\u2014revered as &#8216;Raghunath&#8217;\u2014was worshipped. However, that temple now stands abandoned and devoid of its deity, teetering on the very brink of total ruin. Today, our journal presents an account of this very site.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Inscribed on the temple wall is a very brief foundation record: &#8221; Sak\u0101ba\/ d\u0101 1721\/ sana 1206\/ s\u0101l\u0113 sa\u1e8fa&#8221;In other words, the temple was constructed in 1799 AD. This specific timeframe merits particular attention. It marked the very dawn of the nineteenth century\u2014its absolute inception. At that juncture, only six years had elapsed since the introduction of the Permanent Settlement. It was also the nascent phase of the emergence of a new class of Zamindars, ushered in by the Permanent Settlement.In terms of chronology, the temple is now two hundred and twenty-five years old. This implies that its origins date back at least seven or eight generations. However, during the survey, no information\u2014neither regarding the genealogy of the Bhattacharyas nor even concerning the identity of the temple&#8217;s founder\u2014could be obtained from the current Sebayats (temple custodians). They were able to provide a list covering only four generations of their lineage. Consequently, we are unable to provide any details here regarding the name of the temple&#8217;s founder, the source of his income, or any other such information.However, judging by the temple&#8217;s architectural design\u2014specifically the craftsmanship and the adornment of the structure with exquisite terracotta plaques\u2014it can be surmised that the builder possessed a refined artistic sensibility commensurate with his wealth.Let us now turn our attention to the temple&#8217;s architectural features and ornamentation. It is an east-facing temple, constructed of brick in the Nava-ratna (nine-pinnacled) style. The structure is perfectly square in plan, measuring 15.5 feet in both length and width. The temple stands approximately 40 feet tall.It rests upon a high plinth. Although this abandoned temple has stood for two and a quarter centuries, its plinth\u2014or foundation base\u2014still retains a visible height of nearly three feet.A narrow circumambulatory passage encircles the temple atop its plinth. The edifice consists of two sections: a narrow portico at the front and a spacious sanctum at the rear.\u00a0 Access to the portico is provided through three arched doorways. The pillars supporting these arches are executed in the &#8216;Imarati&#8217; architectural style. Beyond the portico lies the spacious sanctum, accessible through a single doorway. Inside the sanctum, a staircase rises from the southern side to the second floor; to the north lies a small, narrow side chamber. Thanks to the architectural ingenuity of the staircase and the small chamber, open balconies have been created on the second story of this temple, spanning three sides\u2014the east, north, and south. The pillars of the lower balcony adhere to a standard architectural style. In contrast, the pillars on the upper balconies of the second story are constructed in three distinct styles: square, circular, and clustered.The Ratnas (finials) of the temple exhibit influences of the Kalinga architectural tradition. The Bada(wall) sections of all nine Ratnas feature Ratha subdivisions. The corner projections feature a &#8216;Tri-ratha&#8217; configuration, while the central projection above displays a &#8216;Pancha-ratha&#8217; arrangement. The Gandi\u2014or superstructure\u2014adopts a &#8216;P\u012b\u1e0dha&#8217; layout, divided into numerous horizontal tiers running parallel to the ground. Consequently, the temple emerged as a structure of profound beauty.This exquisite temple was further embellished with a multitude of superb terracotta plaques, with the decorative panels covering the entire expanse of the front wall. 1. Across the tops of the three doorways, at three distinct widths. 2. In a parallel row running just beneath the cornice. And, 3. The plaques were arranged in two vertical rows flanking the two corners. Additionally, several plaques were affixed to the northern and southern walls, adjacent to the veranda.The motifs on the plaques can be broadly categorized into four main divisions.<\/p>\n<p>These motifs include: 1. From the Ramayana\u2014Sita, confined within the Gandiva circle, offering alms to Ravana; Jatayu swallowing Ravana&#8217;s chariot; the battle between Rama and Ravana; the army of monkey warriors; and so forth. 2. From the Krishna-lila\u2014the disrobing of the Gopis; the Gopis crossing the River Yamuna while carrying pots of butter; and similar scenes. 3. Miscellaneous\u2014The ten-armed Goddess slaying Mahishasura accompanied by her four children, Lord Shiva mounted on a bull, the four-faced Lord Brahma, Narada riding a husking pedal, Goddess Kalika adorned with a garland of skulls, devotees worshipping Lord Shiva, and so on\u2014the sheer number of panels is astonishing. 4. Alongside these, there are also mithuna (amorous) sculptures. Not just one or two, but numerous mithuna panels adorn this temple.<\/p>\n<p>For a century and a half, the temple stood in its own glory. The country attained independence in 1947. Within a decade thereafter, the Zamindari system was abolished in Bengal. With the demise of the Zamindari system, the golden era of Bengal&#8217;s temples also faded into oblivion. Far from the task of temple maintenance\u2014let alone preservation\u2014even sustaining the daily rituals of worship and service to the deity has become an arduous struggle for most temples. The same scene is witnessed everywhere across the entire district.It was from that very day that the temple of the Bhattacharya lineage in the village of Sahara began to succumb to the ravages of decay. Day by day, little by little, this exquisitely beautiful edifice has been inching its way toward ruin; yet, the family of Sebayats\u2014the temple custodians\u2014lacks the means to save it.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wpuf_customs\">\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09ac\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9 Deity:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09b0\u0998\u09c1\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 Raghunath            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-dropdown_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09ac\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be Existence of deity at present:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09a8\u09c7\u0987 \/ Not Exist            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-dropdown_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09ac\u09bf\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u0997\u09a4 \u0997\u09a0\u09a8 Physical Format of the Deity:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09aa\u09be\u09a5\u09b0 Stone            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-dropdown_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df Subject:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u099f\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cb\u099f\u09be \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b0 Teracotta Temple            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09a7\u09b0\u09a3  Type \/ Style:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09af Architecture            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u0986\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa Physical Mesurement:<\/label><br \/>\n                                L 15 ft 6 inch B 15 ft 6 inch H 40 ft            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-textarea_field\">\n                                   <label>\u09ab\u09b2\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09a3 Plaque description:<\/label><\/p>\n<p>: \u09e7. \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09df\u09a3 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u2013 \u0997\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09c0\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09b8\u09c0\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09a3\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8, \u099c\u099f\u09be\u09df\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b0\u09a5 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09be, \u09b0\u09be\u09ae-\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7, \u09ac\u09be\u09a8\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c8\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0 \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0964 \u09e8. \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09b2\u09c0\u09b2\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u2013 \u0997\u09c7\u09be\u09aa\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3, \u09a8\u09a8\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09b8\u09b9 \u0997\u09c7\u09be\u09aa\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09ae\u09c1\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09b0 \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0964 \u09e9. \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u2013 \u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0-\u0995\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09b8\u09b9 \u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c0 \u09a6\u09b6\u09ad\u09c2\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09b9\u09bf\u09b7\u09be\u09b8\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a7, \u09ac\u09c3\u09b7\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09a8 \u09b6\u09bf\u09ac, \u099a\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c1\u0996 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09cd\u09ae\u09be, \u09a2\u09c7\u0981\u0995\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09a8 \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09a6, \u09ae\u09c1\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0 \u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09be, \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09c1\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u09ac-\u09aa\u09c2\u099c\u09be \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf-- \u0995\u09a4 \u09af\u09c7 \u09ab\u09b2\u0995\u0964 \u09ea. \u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u0986\u099b\u09c7 \u09ae\u09bf\u09a5\u09c1\u09a8 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0993\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf-\u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09df, \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09ae\u09bf\u09a5\u09c1\u09a8-\u09ab\u09b2\u0995 \u0986\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n<p>1. From the Ramayana\u2014Sita, confined within the Gandiva circle, offering alms to Ravana; Jatayu swallowing Ravana's chariot; the battle between Rama and Ravana; the army of monkey warriors; and so forth. 2. From the Krishna-lila\u2014the disrobing of the Gopis; the Gopis crossing the River Yamuna while carrying pots of butter; and similar scenes. 3. Miscellaneous\u2014The ten-armed Goddess slaying Mahishasura accompanied by her four children, Lord Shiva mounted on a bull, the four-faced Lord Brahma, Narada riding a husking pedal, Goddess Kalika adorned with a garland of skulls, devotees worshipping Lord Shiva, and so on\u2014the sheer number of panels is astonishing. 4. Alongside these, there are also mithuna (amorous) sculptures. Not just one or two, but numerous mithuna panels adorn this temple.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 Change in format \/ architecture if any:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09a7\u0982\u09b8 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 Nearly ruined            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09b8\u0982\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8 Conservational history if any:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09be \u09a8\u09c7\u0987 Not Known            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-dropdown_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09c2\u099c\u09be \u09b9\u09df \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09be Living \/ Non Living:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09a8\u09be No            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-dropdown_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09b8\u0982\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \/ \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 Maintained \/ abandoned:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 Abandoned            <\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type:none;\"><label>Image Upload:<\/label> <a href=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"1138\" src=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-768x1365.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-768x1365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-864x1536.jpg 864w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-1152x2048.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-1-scaled.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-4-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-4-768x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-4-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-4-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-4-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-4-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-4-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-6-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-6-768x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-6-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-6-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-6-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-6-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/7.-SAHARA-PINGLA-Raghunath-6-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a> <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a8\u09be  Present Owner:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09ad\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 Bhattacharya Family            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0996 Date-Establishment:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09e7\u09ed\u09e8\u09e7 \u09b6\u0995\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6 \u09e7\u09e8\u09e6\u09ec \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09e7\u09ed\u09ef\u09ef \u0996\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6 1721 Sakabda 1206 Bangabda 1799 A D            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u0995\u09be\u09b2 Date-Period:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u0985\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09a6\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0 18th Century AD            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09cd\u09af State:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ac\u0999\u09cd\u0997 West Bangal            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u099c\u09c7\u09b2\u09be District:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae \u09ae\u09c7\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0 West Medinipore            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09ac\u09cd\u09b2\u0995  \u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be  Block  \/ P.S:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09aa\u09bf\u0982\u09b2\u09be Pingla            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae  Village:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09be Sahara            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09aa\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a8\u0982  Pin:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09ed\u09e8\u09e7\u09e7\u09eb\u09e6 721150            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label> \u0989\u09aa\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u0995 Creator:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u099f\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cb\u099f\u09be \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u0987\u09ad Teracotta Archieve            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09a1\u09bf\u099c\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u0995 Digital-Publisher:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u099f\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cb\u099f\u09be \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u0987\u09ad Teracotta Archieve            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u0987\u09ad\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae Name of other Archive:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u099c\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09be\u09b2 Jirna Madirer Journal            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09a8\u09be\u09ae Name:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09df \u09a6\u09be\u09b6 Chinmoy Das            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u0987 \u09ae\u09c7\u09b2 E-Mail:<\/label><br \/>\n                                ceedas47@gmail.com            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-textarea_field\">\n                                   <label>\u09aa\u09a5 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 Route Direction:<\/label><\/p>\n<p>\u09ae\u09c7\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u0996\u09dc\u09cd\u0997\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b2\u09a6\u09be\u0997\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 \u09aa\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0, \u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u099f\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09ae\u09a8\u09be \u0997\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 \u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09df \u09a6\u09c1\u099c\u09bf\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09e7 \u0995\u09bf\u09ae\u09bf \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u0964 \u09b9\u09be\u0993\u09dc\u09be-\u0996\u09dc\u09cd\u0997\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c7\u09b2\u09aa\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u099a\u0995 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u0993 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a3\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09ae\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u099b\u09be\u09dc\u09be\u0993, \u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ae\u099a\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<br \/>\nDujipur is located on the road leading east from Barbetia towards Jamna\u2014a route that branches off the main road connecting Medinipur and Kharagpur. From there, the village of Sahara lies 1 km to the north. Jamna can also be reached by heading south from Balichak, a station on the Howrah-Kharagpur railway line. Additionally, there is a route to Sahara from Shyamchak station as well.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0996 Date of Visit:<\/label><br \/>\n                                1-1-1980            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-text_field\">\n                                    <label>\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be Information Assistance:<\/label><br \/>\n                                \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0 \u0985\u09ae\u09b2 \u09ad\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09cd\u09af, \u09ac\u09b2\u09b0\u09be\u09ae \u09ad\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09cd\u09af-- \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u0964 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09cd\u09ae\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ad\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09cd\u09af-- \u09ac\u09be\u09dc\u09c1\u09df\u09be, \u09ae\u09c7\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b6\u09b9\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b2\u0997\u09cd\u09a8 . Amal Bhattacharya and Balaram Bhattacharya\u2014Sahara; Mr. Brahmachari Bhattacharya\u2014Barua (adjacent to Midnapore town).            <\/li>\n<li class=\"wpuf-field-data wpuf-field-data-textarea_field\">\n                                   <label>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09aa\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09c0 Bibliography:<\/label><\/p>\n<p>\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a6 \u09b8\u09be\u0981\u09a4\u09b0\u09be , \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be : \u09ae\u09c7\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0 , \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4 ( \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09be\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u0997 ) \u09aa\u0983 \u09ac\u0983 \u09b8\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0 , \u09e8\u09e6\u09e7\u09ed \u0964\u0964 Tarapada Santra , Purakirti Samiksha , Purta (puratatwa Bibhag) Government of West Bengal , 2017<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u09b0\u0998\u09c1\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b0, \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09be (\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be&#8211; \u09aa\u09bf\u0982\u09b2\u09be, \u09ae\u09c7\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0) \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09df \u09a6\u09be\u09b6 \u0987\u0982\u09b0\u09c7\u099c \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09ae \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a6\u09b6\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0987 `\u099a\u09bf\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09df\u09c0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09be\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4` \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09be \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09b6\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u0987\u0982 \u09e7\u09ed\u09ef\u09e9\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u0986\u0987\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c7, \u0995\u09a4 \u09af\u09c7 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u099c\u09ae\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09df \u09b9\u09c7\u09be\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be \u00a0\u099c\u09c1\u09dc\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09be\u0987\u0964 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u099c\u09ae\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09b0\u09be \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u099b\u09c7\u09be\u099f \u099b\u09c7\u09be\u099f \u099c\u09ae\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae \u09a6\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u0987\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09b0, \u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0, \u09a6\u09b0-\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u2013 \u0995\u09a4 \u09b0\u0995\u09ae \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u0993 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[137],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nava-ratna","eq-blocks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3588","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3588"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3588\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3589,"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3588\/revisions\/3589"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/terracottaarchive.com\/in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}